Language and the universal need of comparative criminal law information prompted this writing. My early international experience involved Latin America and the Spanish language exclusively. This ultimately resulted in the writing and publication of four books in Spanish directed at the comparative criminal procedure of those countries. Since that time my studies have expanded into the Eastern Hemisphere, with English as the common language. With that expanded experience, I came to appreciate the fact that the East shares the same comparative law reality with the West, their varied cultural differences only underscoring the universal nature of the criminal law principles and mechanisms otherwise held in common. I have come to realize that those universal principles and mechanisms must be addressed in English as well. This book is the result.